Load factors for water and soil in diaphragm wall design

[sendy]

Hallo Everyone,

I'm just wondering about designing diaphragm wall. What is the load factors for water and soil that should be used in designing diaphragm wall ?
Another thing is: when the loading of soil (effective stress) and water is included, are those loading factors (water and soil) still needed ? If yes, don't you think that the design is "too" safe ??

I really thank for any opinions and ideas.

regards,
Sendy.

 

[PMR06]

ACI 318-02, section 9.2 requires a load factor of 1.6 on lateral pressures due to soil and water in soil.

See thread 486-96922 though. The question has been debated whether or not soil pressures are an ultimate or service condition. I personally have seen geotechnical reports listing the lateral stress as "ultimate" values, and others that do not specifically say. If they are at an ultimate state, then why factor them? Why is the load factor not 1.0 as with "ultimate" seismic forces?

Sorry to answer a question with a question

 

[sendy]

Yeah, I read thread 486-96922 and getting confused, and that's why I posted it again, maybe someone else have another opinion about soil pressure should be threated as in ultimate condition or not.

 

[COEngineeer]

I just use the at rest lateral pressure given by the soil report. Design it with 1.6X moment.