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Our firm often requires submittal of structural calculations for building components such as wood trusses, precast plank, etc. The calculations are specified to be prepared by a licensed structural engineer in the project's state. What we get back varies widely. For example, we have had 20-page...

Do spread footing foundations which bear directly on bedrock (unweathered) need to be extended down to frost depth? Specifically, we have a case where bedrock is, say 24" below grade, and minimum frost depth of 42" below grade. Is it necessary to excavate the rock to achieve the 42"?

How do you handle hot-weather and cold-weather concreting requirements in your CD's? ACI 305R and 306R explicitly indicate they <b>cannot</b> be directly incorporated into project specifications.

I am wondering how others design single-angle loose lintels:<br><br>1. Use BIA tables?<br><br>2. Design for l/600 deflection and check fb&lt;=0.6Fy?<br><br>3. Design per single-angle specification, accounting for eccentricity of load, torsion, tip deflection due to torsional rotation, etc?<br>&nbsp;

I was just wondering if anyone had thoughts on the ergonomics standards that OSHA is proposing:<br> <br> <A HREF="http://www.osha-slc.gov/ergonomics-standard/index.html" TARGET="_new">http://www.osha-slc.gov/ergonomics-standard/index.html</A><br> <br> How would they affect construction? or even...

I have a project where I need to attach a stainless steel structure to a carbon steel structure. The stainless frame is mostly tubes, so bolting would not be practical. Does anyone have experience in attaching stainless to carbon by welding? Will this result in a galvanic reaction that will...

I am wondering how to control the addition of water in the field. Contractors often want to add water to make a mix more workable, but doesn't this compromise the w/c ratio? Neither ACI 318 nor ACI 117 seem to indicate a tolerance for w/c ratio. Any comments?

I am wondering how to control the addition of water in the field. Contractors often want to add water to make a mix more workable, but doesn't this compromise the w/c ratio? Neither ACI 318 nor ACI 117 seem to indicate a tolerance for w/c ratio. Any comments?

I need an appropriate safety factor for the design of a steel "basket" which will be used in a material handling application (lifting parts). My first thought was 4.0, but I have not been able to find a reference to back that up, even on OSHA's web site.<br> <br> - Joe Legner

I need an appropriate safety factor for the design of a steel "basket" which will be used in a material handling application (lifting parts). My first thought was 4.0, but I have not been able to find a reference to back that up, even on OSHA's web site.<br> <br> - Joe Legner

What software package or packages do you use to produce steel details? Concrete?<br> <br> I'm not looking for a list of packages, just personal experiences. Thanks in advance.<br> <br> - Joe Legner

Chapter 10 of the code requires that the following be satisfied: z &lt;= 175 (interior) or z&lt;= 145 (exterior), where z = f_s (d_c A)^1/3.<br> <br> Meeting this requirement can be tricky in a real building. For example, for a structural slab on grade which spans, say, between grade beams, but...