Just a thought on the "apparent" discepancy. Geotechnical reports normally provide equivalent fluid pressue for retaining walls and so use an active pressure coefficient in calculating the values. Here the author might be indicating that for basement walls a "near at-rest"...
Focht3 has raised some valid points. When Proctor came up with a compaction control test way back when, the equipment available for field compaction were relatively light and the Standard test as it was known later (as opposed to modifies) was adequate for the intended purpose, namely...
This string started with a question on percent compaction for STRENGTH. I think that is why the aspect of compacting clayey soils to achieve a desired low permeability (hydraulic conductivity to be more precise) was not raised.
Whether it be for the required strength or the required hydraulic...
When one talks about the earthpressure coefficients (Ko or Ka) and the displacements needed to mobilize active conditions, one also needs to look into the factor of safety the designers put in. With this factor of safety a wall designed for active conditions may not move at all and active...
If there is enough space between the end of the driveway and the slope (2 to 3 times the wall height) why would one want a wall there at all?
If a marking is needed a fencing as a non structural member will suffice.
Am I missing something?
The problem in reality is a little more complex because hardly ever does a retaining wall and backfill exist as we find in text books "before" the wall moves dropping atrest pressures to active or raising to passive, (again) as in text books. The wall will be normally backfilled in...
Really does not matter if you design for active or at rest pressures! At rest pressures are say twice larger but then you will have a factor of safety more than 2 in the design of the wall. This means that irrespective of which value of earthpressure coefficient you use, the structure will not...
On a 45-degree slope, construction of a retaining wall will make the backfill slope of the retaining wall flatter, as flat as you want depending on the height of the wall. Then you can use any of the classical equations to calculate the pressure on the wall. Only aspect to note is that the...
