Typical in my type of work (heavy highway, bridge) is 1/4" roughened surface or 1/3 the area if you want a keyway. Either way, no big deal and it's in most City or State standard specs.
Bridge buster is right on. Various methods can be used to keep differencial temperatures below 40-degrees and upper temperature below 160-degrees. Some ideas:
-Lower the starting temperature of the concrete and you lower the upper limit. If you are pouring in the summer adding ice can help...
Case it with steel. Torch through the sheets then weld it up. Install the PVC through the casing. The beauty is it can be pulled out in the future if you need to upsize, repair, maintain, etc. There are spacers commercially available that center and support the PVC inside the casing.
If you want to avoid the noise and get them down without driving I would push them in. Tbere are several systems for pile pushers that work great, are quiet, and still get good production. I would also avoid cold rolled if this is a permanent wall. Go with the good stuff. If the driving is...
If the slope is already built you are screwed. You can drive through the geogrid without an issue, but someone will freak out that you damaged the grid. In reality, the pile probably makes the grid stronger by anchoring it, but no engineer will buy off on that because they can't calc it. If...
You got lots of options. If grouting post tensioning ducts I would:
-Tent with thermal blankets and few days before
-Add frost fighter type heater under blankets
-Check temp under blankets prior to pour. It should be warm enough
-Mix grout in controlled environment with warm water. You'll...
Most state DOT's have the 90 minute rule, but do allow up to 120 minutes if a super plasticizer or high range water reducer is used. Usually, it just still needs to be within a temperature criteria, like less than 75-degrees. I wouldn't worry about the concrete. If it was tested as usual, met...
Tremie concrete with a shaft type mix will work fine. Pouring into a hole from the bottom up with water in it is what it's made to do. Most state DOT's have a designation with "P" behind it for shaft concrete. Vibration is not needed with the right mix. If you are concerned added CSL tubes...
I am a contractor and I would suggest you just design the area as a precast box or cast in place. Leave the shoring to the contractor. There are plenty of options from sheet pile, soldier pile, secant pile, slide rail, ground freezing, etc. Most contractor have a setup that they use often...
I am a contractor that routinely runs crawlers on job. Our bmp is keep the tracks the same distance back as the depth of the trench. So, ten ft trench means stay ten foot back. Crane mats and plates can significantly reduce your load as well. I would also use an unfactored track load...
I've done a lot of soil nails in the field and you usually need to drill, then stuff the rod, then grout and some times post-grout to get the strength you need. If you have a design load you just put a center hole ram on them and you can verify strength, creep, movement, etc. I wouldn't use...
The rig will need to be reasonably level. If the block hangs between the cords of the boom it'll work. Driving on a slope is no big deal. The boys will just set the pile uphill a little and hit it. If it gets off too much they will pull it and try agan. What type of ple do you have?
It is all in the contract. I am a contractor and you need to remember contractors spread their profit into various bid items. In addition, force account profit on changes dont match what contractors bid. For example, wsdot allows 27% on changes but we might only have bid 10% on the job at the...
Just pulled some hp 14x117 soldier piles today filled with cdf. We woke them up with a 4400 in lb hammer then puled them. The trick is to take them down first, which breaks the skin fricton, then pull them up. The lagging will be a lost cause...
