Mattweb online resource guide has a extensive list of materials. It also includes yield and tensile strengths. I have found this site to be very useful.
AutoCrib is a good solution if capitol is not a problem. The vending machine and software included give you usage break downs in any form you see fit. It really depends on what you are looking to track. They also offer lockers for larger components such as dies or shop supplies.
I believe that you could use a vibrating blade on a cross slide. This would be something similar to what a doctor uses to remove a cast. It should pierce through the label but not the can.
I have found that the information you are looking for best comes from the manufacturer. Fullerton tool has a well documented catolog with the tolerances included. Also try KEO's catolog. If you are going to spec. tolerances to a customer or supplier it is best to use the keyway's manufacturer's...
Panther manufacture's crankshaft's out of 1144 material as well. We have just recently started using 1215 as a alternative. The material properties and strengths are comperable and there is a significant cost savings as well as a increase in machineability.
