Try to keep the flow / Reynolds number in the Turbulent range with regard to the velocity.
A high velocity does give a high dP over the line though.
Are there plans for placing Flow meters in the pipeline? If this is so, scale the pipe according the type of flowmeter that would be best suited...
It is known that limestone sometimes contains oil, just expensive to remove.
Coul also be residue from the drill lubrication.
But the description indicates hydrocarbon substance with sulfur compounds (stench) C8+ stuff due to the low viscosity. In that case, it is some C8+ that was removed...
Yes it is.
http://www.krohne-mar.com/Pipeline_Leak_Detection.6216.0.html
Size of the leak indicates the response time of the system.
Leak detection systems usually are integrations of present systems into a computer model.
Use flanges whenever there is a chance that a threaded connection can get damaged and forces you to throw away the equipment with the damaged thread.
It is very painfull to have to throw away a million dollar vessel because the thread the valves was supposed to attach to was damaged by a grain...
