I have always wondered whether sudden droop-limiting by the shock or external droop limiter causes undesirable handling anomalies during (eg) at-the-limit cornering plus bumps. One solution would be to secure the spring to its seats so it goes into tension during large droop excursions.
Don't know this device specifically but I think the following information would be helpful.
". . . . subjected to high-frequency vibrations" - Is this a pure sine wave of known, fixed frequency?
Bandwidth (data rate) to 3,200 Hz not what I would call high-frequency. Is your test frequency...
OTOH slots allow oil to escape more readily during engagement. They also reduce the contact area, increasing the contact pressure and improving the rate of collapse of any oil film.
The first thing that should be done after a failure like that is to measure valve stem diameter and valve guide bore diameter and compare to specification.
I assume this was done.
What were the results?
If clearance is less than it was when it was last assembled you have contaminant buildup.
Are...
If you are able to accurately RE the spline with your CMM just go for it. Being tapered, the fit shouldn't be a big issue. Machine it to within 0.2 mm of finished size then check fit the mating component before the finishing cuts.
Would not be hard to make it workable - reduce the diameter of the cam disc or change it from axial to radial lobes.
A gearset between the crank and the flywheel? Aaaargh.
Assuming factory parts and clearances, the sticking will most likely be the result of contamination buildup. Because you have a problem with both intake and exhaust valves I would look at your lubricating oil. Does it have adequate solvency to remove varnish-like contamination?