Questions for the NZ Engineers.
I'm working on a pile cap design and our principal engineer is requiring me to design it using srtut and tie method. When I was checking for the allowable stress on strut, my compression force is failing on the bottle neck area if I use Bs=0.6, so what I did is...
A very interesting article related to our topic please read.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4152935.stm
excerpt from the article....
David Booth, a researcher seismologist at the British Geological Survey in Edinburgh, agrees:
"My understanding is that volcanoes cause earthquakes...
if that's the case, why did the geologists differentiate volcanic earthquakes with tectonic earthquakes?
The questions seems to generalized that seismic activities affects volcanic activities. I agree that sometimes it does, but not in general. Or vice versa.
this only shows that there can be earthquakes that is not related to volcanic activities. We cant generalize that all earthquakes are iter-related with volcanos because they arent. earthquakes are triggered from sudden stress release on the plates, volcanic activities may be one of them...
I've studied earthquake engineering for two years, and according to my professors (seismologist, geologists, scientists) earthquakes and volcanic activities in general cant be inter-related. You can monitor volcanic activities but earthquakes are unpredictable. As I've pointed out on my earlier...
from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake
Earthquakes away from plate boundaries
Where plate boundaries occur within continental lithosphere, deformation is spread out a over a much larger area than the plate boundary itself. In the case of the San Andreas fault continental transform, many...
It is true that the formation of volcanoes occur near the plate subductions (approximately 100km from plate boundaries, refer to http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/03fire/logs/subduction_320.mov )
, but not all earthquakes originates from the plate boundaries. There are major/large...
No they are different. Although there are seismic tremors due to volcanic activities, large/major earthquakes are caused by plate tectonics. Plate tectonic earthquakes are different from the volcanic earthquake.
Search for the Sumatra Earthquake for more info on plate tectonics.
I agree with you Willis on the ultimate loading condition for seismic, but here in NZ we also consider the 10-20yr return period for earthquake (serviceability limit criteria).
These limits were provided by the Code committee experts based on their experiences. As I said, these limits are used to minimize damages to non-structural components.
This issue is explained further on some building codes. I've read it before on some british code (i forget the number) or...
the h/500 for wind serviceability is to minimize damage on non-structural components like claddings and partitions. Same case for seismic, to minimize injury due to falling objects... ceiling loads, cabinets, etc.
Regarding perception on human comfort, it's not really the drift... it's more on...
Its supposed to be programs by Caltrans. But I cant seem to find it in their website. XSection is a RC cross section analysis (interaction diagram & moment-curvature). Wframe is a pushover analysis program.
Anybody know how to get the XSection & WFrame program? Is the program free or licensed? I tried to search the internet on how to acquire this softwares but cant find the right website. Can anyone point me to the right direction? Thanks
